Grove City College v. Bell (1984) established which principle about Title IX protections?

• A. Cohen v Brown University (1995)
• B. Grove City College v. Bell (1984)
• C. Flood v. Kuhn (1972)
• D. NCAA v. Board of Regents (1984)

Answer: (B)

The main idea here is how far Title IX protections extend when federal money flows into a school. Title IX bans sex discrimination in any education program or activity that receives federal financial assistance. Grove City College v. Bell clarified that, if federal funds go to only a specific program or department, Title IX’s requirements apply to that funded program, not automatically to the entire institution. In other words, the ruling narrowed the scope of Title IX enforcement to the particular program that actually received the funds, rather than the whole college.

This matters because it shows that funding status can determine which parts of a school must comply. The broader reach of Title IX was later restored by Congress with the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, which treats the entire institution as subject to Title IX if any part of it receives federal funds.